The scalability of DNA storage and in-DNA computing does not come from incremental improvements in electronic media. It comes from the intrinsic properties of molecular assembly and parallelism. xDNA Labs leverages these to extend storage capacity and query performance from megabytes to petabytes and ultimately to exabytes.Documentation Index
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Combinatorial Address Space
A modest library of prefabricated DNA components divided into layers generates a combinatorial address space of extraordinary size.Exponential expansion
Twelve layers with twenty-five components each yield trillions of unique
identifiers. Expanding layers or components multiplies capacity
exponentially a few hundred components spans exabyte-class archives.
No new chemistry required
The same combinatorial assembly method scales across orders of magnitude.
Capacity grows by adding components to the library, not by redesigning the
chemistry.
Write, Read & Compute Throughput
| Dimension | How it scales |
|---|---|
| Write | Combinatorial assembly reuses components across identifiers. Inkjet or microarray dispensing produces millions of molecules per second scales linearly with hardware |
| Read | Sequencing costs have fallen 100,000× since 2001. Platforms project terabase-per-day output. Archives written today become cheaper to read every year |
| Compute | Select and quotient run in constant wet-lab steps relative to archive size. Query complexity depends on key depth, not archive size. Parallel reactions allow simultaneous queries |
Physical Scalability
Sugar-cube volume
A sugar-cube-sized volume of DNA can store exabytes. Archives scale in
milliliters and grams, not square meters and megawatts.
Replication without fabrication cost
Redundancy is achieved by amplifying aliquots of the same DNA library.
Copies can be distributed across facilities for disaster recovery no
additional synthesis required.
Unlike data centers that expand in rack units and kilowatts, DNA archives
expand in grams. Multiple independent archives can be produced and distributed
globally adding capacity without adding infrastructure footprint.
Compute Scalability
Select and quotient operate in constant or near-constant wet-lab steps regardless of archive size. This ensures query performance scales gracefully as archives grow:| Archive size | Full scan cost | DNA biochemical query cost |
|---|---|---|
| Gigabyte | Seconds | Seconds |
| Terabyte | Hours | Minutes |
| Petabyte | Weeks | Hours |
| Exabyte | Months | Hours (parallel) |